[소프트웨어영어] #4 Describing Change

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Career Paths: Software Engineering Student's Book (+ Cross-platform Application)

 

1.  Paragraph

 

All About Computers : A Growing Industry

 

Demand for computer technology grows constantly. This trend shows no signs of slowing down. As the cost of new technologies decreases, the demand increases. This is an exciting time for software engineers.

 

A few years ago, the demand for computers fluctuated. In fact(=in reality, virtually), some people even predicted a decline in computer popularity. Fortunately, however, the market stabilized and sales recovered.

 

Today, the software development industry is on the rise. The job market(=labor market) for skilled(=experienced) software engineers is expanding. In the last few years, software companies doubled their hiring efforts. Now, experts expect growth to continue at a steady pace. 

 

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2. Reading

 

Q1. What is the main idea of the article? 

A. characteristics of the software market

B. ways to predict the changes in the software market

C. a guide on how to invest in the software market

D. products that drive current software market trends

 

Q2. What is ture of the job market for software engineers?       

A. It is in fast decline

B. It is slowing down slightly

C. It is expanding steadily

D. It is constantly fluctuating

 

Q3. Which of the following is NOT a reason to hire new software engineers? -> 추론          

A. to continue the steady pace of software development

B.  to maintain the production of older technologies

C. to meet increasing demands for new software

D. to fill the expanding number of software development jobs

 

3. Vocabulary

Q1. Match the words with the definitions.

 

A. decline : the process of becoming worse or smaller in amount

B. double : to make something twice as large or abundant

C. expand : to become larger in size

D. fluctuate : to change regularly

E. rise : the process of increasing in a quality or amount 

F. stabilze : to reach a state in which changes are infrequent

G. steady : not changing, or changing at a slow and constant rate

H. trend : a consistent change or development

 

Q2. Choose the sentence that uses the underlined part correctly.

 

1. A: Manufacturers hope the demand for new computer technology will increase.

     B: The company is not making money because sales are on the rise.

 

-> rise 가 아니고 decrease 나 decline이 맞음

 

2. A: The market for cassette players has expanded until it is almost non-existent.

     B: The popularity of old technology is decreasing.

 

-> 사라지기 전까지 expand를 하진 않겠지

 

3. Listening

 

Q1. Listen to the conversation between tow engineers. Mark the following statements as Ture or False.

 

1. The demand for the route planning program is in steady decline. F

2. The route planning program was most successful during the summer. T

3. The women is confident that the budget mobile app will do well. T

 

 

Engineer1: Hey, Mary. How did the new programs do on the market?

Engineer2: The demand for the route has planning program really fluctated.

Engineer1: That's strange. Why do you think that is?

Engineer2: It seems to increase in the summer. That's when people travel the most.

Engineer1: Oh, that makes sense. What about the budget mobile app?

Engineer2: That did better. The demand increased at a steady pace.

Engineer1: How do you think it will do in the future?

Engineer2: I have no doubt it will do well.

 

 

* The car runs at 50km/h.

  mile = 1.6km

  gallon = 4liters (Leaded vs Unleaded 무연 휘발유) lead = 납

 

 

A: How did the new programs do on the market?

B: The demand for the income tax software has really fluctuated.

A: Why do you think that is?

B: It seems to increase drastically during tax season.

A: What about the mobile app?

B: We noticed the demand increased. It's doing well.

A: How do you think it will do in the future?

B: What does that do? I have no doubt that it will remain pretty steady.

 

 * It is not until 2020 that S + V

직역: 2020년 까지는 S + V 하지 않겠다

의역: 2020년이 되어서야 비로소 S + V했다

 

* I bet that ~ 

= 나는 that 문장을 장담한다.

 

 

4. Writing

 

Complete the email

 

Dear Mr. Billings.

 

We have just released several new programs.

 

The first software is a bill paying program. Sales are really increasing. I believe this is because improvemnets in the economy make people more comfortable with automatic payments.

 

The other is a mobile app. It is not as unpredictable as we thought it would be. The sales are steadily. 

 

Overall, the sales of our programs are expanding.

 

Sincerely,

Michellle

 

 

5. Additional Vocabulary

1. trend : 경향 = tendancy, tend to + 동사 = prone to + 동사

2. decrease(=be in decline) vs increase : 줄어들다 vs 늘어나다

3. fluctuate : 변동/ 급락을 거듭하다 (= vary)

4. decline : 감소

5. stabilize : 안정화 되다 adj. stable

6. rise(자동사) : 상승하다 vs raise(타동사)

The boss raised the pay.

The son rises from the east.

7. expand : 확장/팽창하다 cf. expend : (시간/길이) 연장하다

8. double : 두배로 늘리다 = become two times greater, triple(3) & quadruple(4)

9. steady : 꾸준히, steadily = gradually

10. demand : 수요/필요 (=needs) cf. meet(=satisfy) the demand : 수요를 만족하다

11. popularity : 인기, gain popularity = become popular

12. growth : 성장

13. sales 판매  cf. on sale : 세일 중이다 / for sale : 팔기 위함이다

Sales have quadrupled in the last five years.

: 지난 5년동안 매출이 4배나 올랐다

There was an astounding 20% increases in sales(=매출).

: 매출이 놀랍게도 20% 증가하였습니다.

14. effort : 노력

He burst in, making no effort to repress his fury.

: 그는 분노를 억제하는 노력을 하지 않고 표출했다.

The report was a joint effort.

: 보고서는 공동 노력의 결실이었다

15. predict : 예측하다

We can't predict the outcome. There are too many imponderables.

: 우리는 결과를 예측할 수 없다. 가늠하기 힘든 요소들이 너무 많다.

 

 

Q1. Complete the sentences with the most appropriate word in the box. 

1. My mood seems to fluctuate from day to day.

2. Temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees.

-> by: 정도의 차이(=10도나), as much as 강조 (= ~만큼이나)

3. The interest rate began to stabilize(=stable <-> unstable) downward.

4. Metals expand when they are heated.

5. Demand is exceeding supply.

:수요가 공급을 초과하고 있다

-> ex = over, ceed = go

6. On-demand printing of books

7. They set off(=출발하다) at a steady pace.

8. Her popularity has been on the wane(=시들다) for some time.

 

9. Is it worth the effort?

: 그런 노력을 할 가치가 있나요?

 

10. It is impossible to predict(<-> unpredictable) what will happen.